Name | Description | Algorithms | Examples | Links |
1G | It is a first-generation wireless telephone technology,
cellphones. It is an analog cellphone standards. | analog encoding | | |
2G | The second generation of mobile telephony systems uses digital
encoding. | digital encoding | GSM, D-AMPS (TDMA) and CDMA | http://www.arcelect.com/2G-3G_Cellular_Wireless.htm |
3.5G | It can provide an end-to-end IP solution where voice, data and
streamed multimedia can be served to users on an "Anytime,
Anywhere" basis at higher data rates than previous generations. | WiMAX, Flash-OFDM, 3GPP Long Term, Evolution of UMTS in 3GPP,
UMB in 3GPP2,
IEEE 802.20 | | |
3G | Third generation of mobile phone standards and technology. It
can provide wider range of network. That is means that can make wide-area
wireless voice telephony and broadband wireless data, all in a mobile
environment. | W-CDMA, CDMA2000
TD-CDMA / TD-SCDMA
UWC (often implemented with EDGE) DECT | mobile TV, internet access | http://www.three.com.au/
http://www.cnet.com.au/mobilephones/phones/0,239025953,240061440,00.htm |
ADSL | Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a technology that
enables faster data transmission over copper telephone lines. | DMT and CAP modulation | Now most of ISP offer the ADSL access for home user | http://www2.rad.com/networks/2005/adsl/main.htm
http://www.iol.unh.edu/services/testing/dsl/training/
also see xDSL |
ANSI | American National Standards Institute is a organization that
oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products,
services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States. | Nil | ANSI C | http://web.ansi.org/
http://paulgraham.com/acl.html
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/A/ANSI.html |
ARPANET | ARPANET is the predecessor of the global Internet. It built
by United States Department of Defense. ARPANET used packets to
send information which can be routed different paths and reconstructed at
their destination | Nil | Packet switching network | http://som.csudh.edu/cis/lpress/history/arpamaps/
http://www.livinginternet.com/i/ii_arpanet.htm
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213782,00.html |
ATM | Asyncronous Transfer Mode encodes data traffic into a small
fixed-sized cells which is 53 bytes; 48 bytes of data and 5 bytes of header
information. It integrates Voice, Video and Data. For OSI Model, it in the
data link layer. | | IBM Turboways ATM 155 PCI network interface card | http://www.npac.syr.edu/users/mahesh/homepage/atm_tutorial/
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/atm.htm |
Attenuation | When we using medium to transmission a signal, the power of the
signal will be attenuation. Attenuation can reduce the signal strength during
transmission | Attenuation(dB)=Log10*10*[Output Intensity(W)/Input
Intensity(W)] | optical fibers | http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci211613,00.html
http://www.linktionary.com/a/attenuation.html |
Bit | Bit is standed for binary digit, which is the smallest
unit of information on the machine. A single bit is a discrete storage unit
which can only has two values 0 or 1 . | Nil | A 8 bit number: 11010111 | http://searchsmb.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid44_gci213816,00.html |
Bluetooth | A technology that user can transfer data between two devices.
Like mobile and PDA etc. | | mobile phone headset | http://www.bluetooth.com/bluetooth/ |
Broadcast | The host broadcast sends the packet of information to every
machines along the network simultaneously. Broadcast should be distincted
with anycast, multicast and unicast. | | Ethernet and Token Ring, hub | http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/broadcast.html
http://linux.about.com/cs/linux101/g/broadcast.htm |
802.11 | is a set of standards for computer communication in wireless
local area network (WLAN) . | | 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11y | http://www.ieee802.org/11/
http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/wireless80211/a/aa80211standard.htm |
CCITT | CCITT is short of International Telephone and Telegraph
Consultative Committee, now known as ITU(International Telecommunications
Union-Telecommunication), who has defined many important
telecommunications standards | Nil | G.992.1 ADSL (G.DMT)
G.992.2 ADSL (G.Lite) | http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CCITT.html
http://docmorph.nlm.nih.gov/docview/distrib/13.htm |
CDMA | Code division multiple access is a communication channel access
principle, it can make differents codes in the same channel, but only same
code can understand each other. | spread-spectrum technology, special coding scheme | | http://www.cdg.org/
http://softtechinfo.com/telecom/cdma.html |
Coaxial
cables | It is used as a high-frequency transmission line to carry a
high-frequency or broadband signal for trasfer data. It is very cheap and
widely using in TV and Internet transmission system etc. | | RG-6/U, RG-8/U | |
Cookies | It more like the history of you visiting Internet. Some website
using cookies to remember user's activities. | Save activities into a file. | Online shopping cart | |
Frame
Relay | Frame Relay is WAN protocol and operates at the physical and
data link layers of the OSI reference model. It used to send digital
information quickly and cheaply in a relay of frames to one or many
destinations from one or many end-points. | Data terminal equipment (DTE) ,
Data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) | | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/frame.htm |
STM | Synchronous Transport Module, is the basic rate of transmission
standard. | | SDH ITU-T fiber optic network transmission | |
Delay
distortion | The delay distortion is resulted from the different travle speed
of transmission of various frequency componnets. | | | http://www.atis.org/tg2k/_delay_distortion.html |
DES | Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a method for encrypting
information which is aimed to provide a standard method for protecting
sensitive commercial and unclassified data. | | substitution ciphers and transposition ciphers, RSA | http://computer.howstuffworks.com/encryption1.htm
http://www.thenextwave.com/page19.html
http://www.adastral.ucl.ac.uk/~helger/crypto/link/block/des.php |
DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, it can allow the computer
join a network without having a pre-configured IP address. | | DHCPv6 (DHCP in an IPv6 environment). | http://www.dhcp.org/
www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/DHCP.html |
DNS | Domain Name System (DNS) is the internet service which is used
to translate the domain names of the web site into IP addresses. | | www.google.com.au
(72.14.253.99) | http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=KB;en-us;263558
http://www.dns.net/dnsrd/docs/whatis.html
http://www.webjunction.org/do/DisplayContent?id=958 |
E-mail | Electronic mail is used to store and forward method of
composing, sending, storing, and receiving messages between computers.
It uses the SMTP on Internet system and can send messages in one organization
on intranet system. | Nil | hotmail, gmail, etc | |
FDDI | Fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) is a a set of ANSI
and ISO protocols for transmit digital data throughfiber optic cable in
the local area network . FDDI is also used on the backbone for the wide area
network | token ring network | | http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci213957,00.html
http://www.arcelect.com/fddi.htm
http://www.pulsewan.com/data101/fddi_basics.htm |
Firewall | Firewall is a hardware or software divice system which is used
to protect the network from unauthorized access. The firewall techniques
include packet filter, application gateway, circuit-level gateway and proxy
server. | packet filter, proxy | | http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid14_gci212125,00.html
http://fwup.org/ |
FTP | File Transfer Protocol is used to transfer files from one
computer to another over the Internet, or through a network. TCP/IP protocols
enable the files transfer on the Internet. | TCP/IP protocol | | http://www.enterprisedt.com/publications/FTP_Overview.html
http://www.vub.ac.be/BFUCC/net/how2ftp.html
http://www.uic.edu/depts/accc/network/ftp/introftp.html |
gateway | Gateway provides the network point entrance enables data to flow
between different networks. | | | http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci212176,00.html
http://www.techterms.com/definition/gateway
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/g/gateway.html |
GPRS | General Packet Radio Service, through it user can transfers data
and surf internet using GSM mobile phone. | packet-switched, multiple users can share the same transmission
channel | 2G cellular systems | http://www.gsmworld.com/technology/gprs/index.shtml |
hop | A direct path from one node to another. When the user send a
package from australia to USA, this package can not send to USA directly,
this package will access lots of router then finally sent to target computer. | | | |
host | It is a node of network, in the other way it is a computer which
two-way access to the other computer. | | If you built a website and using your own computer, then this
computer is a host. | |
HTML | Hypertext Markup Language is used to create web page. It can be
read by web brower. | | XHTML, <body></body> | http://www.w3schools.com/ |
HTTP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a protocol to tranfer data
in the internet and a way to publish HTML. Application layer(OSI) | TCP/IP protocol | HTTP/1.1 | http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1945 |
hub | Hub is a device for connect network together. It can not manage
any of the traffic that comes through them. Work on physics layer (OSI) | Broadcast | | |
ICMP | Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used by computer to
send error message that the host which the user wish to connect is not
available. | | ping tools | http://support.microsoft.com/kb/170292
http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc792.html
http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/course/inet-pages/icmp.html |
IGMP | Internet Group Management Protocol is a protocal for manage the
membership of Internet Protocol multicast groups. | | | http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci214391,00.html
http://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/ffa6231a-bf9b-4691-a63d-81c9cf66a34e1033.mspx
|
IP
address | Internet Protocol address is used to identify the node in
network. | | www.google.com.au (72.14.253.99), the number 72.14.253.99 is IP
adress for google search engine | http://www.dmoz.org/Computers/Internet/Protocols/IP/ |
IPv6 | Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) | | | http://www.ipv6.org/ |
ISDN | Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a circuit-switched
telephone network system which is used to transfer data and voice over
telephone copper wires. It is also a set of protocal. | | | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/isdn.htm
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci212399,00.html |
ISP | Internet service provider is a business or organization that
provides access to the Internet and related services | | telstra, optus | http://telstra.com/index.jsp?SMIDENTITY=NO
http://www.westnet.com.au/ |
LAN | local area network (LAN) is a computer network which is used to
connect a small group of computers. | Local machines using LAN to access and transfer data to each
other. | Ethernet | |
MAC | Media Access Control address(Ethernet Hardware Address) is used
to identifier a hardware on the network. | | Every Ethernet adapter has different MAC address | http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/groupmac/tutorial.html |
network | Network is used to connect two or more computer that make them
can share same resource. | | Internet, LAN | |
Network
bridge | It can connect two or more LAN and do not distinguish networks.
It takes place at OSI Model Layer 2 (Data-Link Layer). | bridging | DBC™ Network Bridge | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/bridging.htm |
Network
protocol | In the network, protocol means that define a package of rules
for transmission system between network devices. | | TCP, UDP, HTTP, and FTP | http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networkprotocols/l/bldef_protocol.htm |
noise | Electronic noise is a signal which is unwanted. | | | |
OSI
model | Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model is a model to
discribe the way that connect two computers. It has 7 layers (Application,
Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link and Physical). | | | http://www.comsoc.org/livepubs/50_journals/pdf/RightsManagement_eid=136833.pdf |
packet | Packet is a block of data carriers that using to transfer data
in the network. | Error detection, Host addressing | IP packets | |
Port | Port is a virtual data connection that used for transfering the
data between programs. | | HTTP using port 80 | |
PPP | Point to Point Protocol can establish the direct connection
between two nodes. | | dial-up access to the Internet | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/ppp.htm
http://tldp.org/LDP/nag/node107.html |
PSTN | public switched telephone network (PSTN) is a network for connect
telephone in the world. | telephone exchange | telephone network | http://www.inetdaemon.com/tutorials/telecom/pstn/index.shtml
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid7_gci214316,00.html |
QoS | Quality of service (QoS) | | | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/qos.htm
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windows2000serv/plan/qosover.mspx |
Router | In computer network, router is a device which interconnects
separate logical subnet. | Nil | Cisco 1800, | http://computer.howstuffworks.com/routing-algorithm4.htm |
Satellite | Through the Satellite connect internet in the worldwide. It has
three types one-way multicast, one-way with terrestrial return, and very
small aperture terminal (VSAT) (two-way) satellite access. | | Some ISP offers Satellite access, like bigpond, optus etc | http://www.tachyon.net/
http://satellite.broadbandguide.com.au/ |
SMTP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a protocol for email
transmission. | | email | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ioss390/ios390ug/ugsmtp.htm
http://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/94.htm |
TCP | Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is for applications on
networked hosts to create a connect between each others. It belongs to TCP/IP
protocol. | | World Wide Web, e-mail, File Transfer Protocol and Secure Shell. | http://edocs.tu-berlin.de/diss/2004/savoric_michael.htm
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc793 |
TCP/IP | Internet protocol suite is a set of network communications
protocol. | | This protocol is using by most of network. | |
UDP | User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is used for sending a short message
in the network. | | Domain Name System (DNS)
| http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc768
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_Datagram_Protocol |
WAN | Wide Area Network (WAN) is a larger network which compare to
LAN. It usually covers the different countries. | | Internet | http://www.erg.abdn.ac.uk/users/gorry/course/intro-pages/wan.html |
x.25 | X.25 is an International Telecommunication
Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) protocol standard
connections between user devices and network devices are established and
maintained. | | leased lines, the phone or ISDN | http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/cisintwk/ito_doc/x25.htm
http://www2.rad.com/networks/2004/x25/main.htm |
XML | Extensible Markup Language (XML) is markup language which is
used to define their own tags and store information. | | | http://www.w3schools.com/ |
| | | | |